My beliefs about polyamory have changed a lot over the past couple years. I haven't written a lot about those changes yet, as I have been too busy "catching up on life", and I've wanted to simmer my thoughts, as it's a subject I know people have strong feelings about. But I've been reminded several times recently that there are people who heard about polyamory from me and are now experimenting with it themselves, and I feel a responsibility to speak up, so here goes.
I think that polyamory - multiple consenting partners - is a relationship style that can work well for some people in some life situations. If you want to prioritize freedom (keep your contracts minimal and short), variety (of personalities you interplay with), or exploration of types of partnerships, it might make sense.
However, if you wish to prioritize true love (depth of intimacy with a hopefully forever partner) or a stable family, I think polyamory is a style which is at best deeply challenging and at worst fundamentally opposed to those goals. So I want couples with these priorities who are considering polyamory to make sure they aren't ignoring the tradeoffs in a setting where the cost of failure is significantly more than a broken heart.
I'm going to be minimal(ish) here as far as explanations, I don't have time to write a Moldbug-length essay on this now (although I hope to explore my new perspectives in a series of blog posts over the coming months and years). You'll simply have to trust (or not) that there are a variety of other reasons and narratives, and that even if you don't find this one compelling, I may still have a point. So, briefly (relative to my internal body of musings on the subject):
If you have kids, and you wish to parent them in a long-term partnership with another adult, then relationship stability needs to be a huge priority for you. If you want to create a happily-ever-after, Milton & Rose marriage, then relationship stability needs to be a huge priority for you. And having a stable relationship, given human nature and nurture in the 21st century, is hard. A forever relationship doesn't just build itself. It requires investment. Lots of it.
And despite the perpetual motion machine promise of polyamory - that nothing about relationships is zero-sum - it is a fact of the world that we only have so much to invest. Time that Yolanda spends learning how to get along slightly better with her boyfriend Zion is time that she doesn't spend learning about her husband Xerxes. Hobbies she uses to intertwine her life with Zion are hobbies she doesn't use to do the same with Xerxes. She may learn new things from Zion (she almost certainly will) - but she does so at the cost of the monomaniacal focus which it takes to succeed in any great enterprise. And make no mistake, true love and a stable family are great enterprises.
Yolanda may find, at points in her life, that she gets declining marginal utility from her time with Xerxes. If her focus is short-term enjoyment, naturally it makes sense to spend some of her love budget on consuming units of Zion. All I'm saying is that she should be aware of the long-term costs. If she wants Xerxes to continue supplying units of his love for decades to come - if she wants him to not only fertilize her zygotes now but cackle with her over their grandchildren in a half-century - then she should consider a long-term, exclusive contract. And she should remember that in the startup world, a co-founder who is "committed" to multiple ventures is not really committed to any. (Yes, Elon Musk, but you aren't Elon Musk. You aren't even the Elon Musk of love. Also, Elon Musk is now a double-divorcée).
Of couse all of this is contingent on your priorities, and I'm not judging those (at least, not now). If you aren't "getting all your needs met" by your partner, and you want to try building a diversified partner portfolio, then go right ahead. Unless, that is, you claim that you are deeply devoted to your children & family life, or that you want an incredibly deep relationship where you and your twin flame have plumbed the icy depths of each other's souls to reach the hot burning magma of true love beneath.
In that case, I have to say - WTF? SRSLY? RLY? So your children are the most important thing in the world to you...and you've decided to press your wife's primal "GET RID OF THIS MAN" button because you want to cavort with a woman whose energetic temperature is a little different? So you want to build a love that will echo through the ages but you can't be bothered to learn to give and get the things that are hard for you, but important for your partner?
Sorry, but preferences are revealed through action, talk is cheap, and tradeoffs are part of life. If a stable family or true love are your goals, and your relationship is unsatisfying, then either fix it or GTFO. You aren't going to meet those goals by investing in instability. If your heart, head, or hoo-ha are pulling you away from your partner, then please consider the interrelated possibilities that a) he/she/ze/zir/it isn't your forever love / the right person to have children with, and/or b) you aren't truly ready, committed, and trying. Either way (likely both), the path forward is to think about (a) and (b), not to try to escape problems of partner fit and internal issues by distracting yourself with external experiences.
Anyway, as always, filter this through your experience and customize it for your personal situation.
p.s. I'm back! This is an omen of things to come: I hope to start blogging occasionally again, but with a somewhat different spin in topic and viewpoint.
This post is dedicated to my marvelous partner Brit Benjamin, who has inspired me with infinite appreciation for the joys of a monogamous family system. Today's song dedicated to her is "As Long As You Love Me" by the Bieb.


Comments
Really though, it seems an argument for professional parents. Why do we leave the important job of child rearing to random gamete providers? You should serve an apprenticeship with master parents before you're deemed qualified to raise children of your own. Marriage and monogamy are not intrinsic qualifications for parenthood.
The most extensive polyamorous relationship I know of would be the Oneida commune. It functioned for one generation but collapsed thereafter. That's at least mild evidence against long term stability.
It occurs to me that not everyone should need to experiment with their lives to the point of learning lessons like this the hard way. Could it be there's something to conservatism after all?
Not everyone who values relationship stability experiences either the same kinds or the same levels of tradeoffs in maintaining and deepening that stability while pursuing other interests. It is in fact possible, for example, for a poly relationship to positively enhance rather than challenging the primary one. Telling poly people that they must not care about their primary relationship or their family in the same way you do, or that their love must not be "true" in some transcendent sense, is ignorant and offensive.
Note also that when I said "other interests" above I meant more than just other relationships. Your argument implies, for example, that no one who really cares about a stable relationship and family should pursue any career ambition beyond the minimum needed to support that family, lest time and energy and passion spent on career detract from the family. (And if you don't think that career vs relationship can present the same intensity of time, energy, and passion tradeoffs as relationship vs relationship, you really are overgeneralizing from limited experience).
As for my own experience, I've been blessed to know many multi-decadal stable and deeply loving poly couples who are raising children lovingly and well, as well as to be a part of one. I even have friends whose parents were poly and remained happily together till death. It may be that my experience is unrepresentative; it may be that I select even more strongly than most people for associates who are like me; but you're not presenting any better data than I am here, and you are (as we all are sometimes) missing that humility which is a hallmark of the determined search for truth.
I also find it rather frustrating and cumbersome to hear evangelical arguments from people who have completely reversed their opinions: It's a signal that this person hasn't learned from their own experience that they aren't infallible and that their bulletproof arguments never actually were, in fact, bulletproof.
I do, however, agree with this:
Sorry, but preferences are revealed through action, talk is cheap, and tradeoffs are part of life. If a stable family or true love are your goals, and your relationship is unsatisfying, then either fix it or GTFO. You aren't going to meet those goals by investing in instability. If your heart, head, or hoo-ha are pulling you away from your partner, then please consider the interrelated possibilities that a) he/she/ze/zir/it isn't your forever love / the right person to have children with, and/or b) you aren't truly ready, committed, and trying. Either way (likely both), the path forward is to think about (a) and (b), not to try to escape problems of partner fit and internal issues by distracting yourself with external experiences.
And I'm very glad you've found what works for you! Having gone through my own big relationship transition over the last few years, I've ended up on a very similar, but slightly different trajectory: I'm with a partner who I feel meets all my needs, who I plan to have children with (soon, in fact), but we are still non-monogamous and have been for the entire 3 years we've been together. It's been working, neither of us has felt that it's taken anything away from our relationship.
I don't know if this speaks to your point, but we do both feel we could be happy giving it up at any time if the other was no longer ok with it, but simply because of that, neither of us feels a need to do so.
The jury is still out on how well things will work once we have kids, and I know there will be more challenges maintaining an active non-monogamous lifestyle at that point, but we'll definitely do what we need to do to ensure the kids have a stable family environment.
I think the main point I take issue with here is your suggestion that having a stable family environment can't happen while non-monogamous - we already do - there hasn't been any drama in our relationship due to our other partners in 3 years. I'll admit to being just as astounded by that as anyone else might be, given how much I've seen people struggle with non-monogamy. And maybe we're a rare case, and so one shouldn't use my situation as an example, I don't know.
Just my two cents with a slightly different perspective.
Edited at 2013-10-14 03:50 pm (UTC)
If you have kids, while giving each other a powerful evolutionary and cultural signal of "I am not committed to you, I do not give my all to you, you are not the only one for me", then you are choosing to bring a major factor of instability into your family. I'm not saying that can't be the right choice, but I am saying that people should stop denying the tradeoff & costs.
It might be the right choice to decide you want to support your out-of-work friend. But if you say that your first financial priority is to take care of your wife & kids, that you want to save up to have kids and be able to pay for good schools and be able to shift to part-time work sometimes to spend more time with them, then supporting your out-of-work friend gives the lie to your claim. It shows you have prioritized him over your family.
You may have a modest nest egg and not feel like you are taking away from your family, but the fact remains that every dollar you spend on him is a dollar you aren't saving for the chance that you will become disabled and out of work for a few years, or your kid will have an awful medical condition insurance doesn't fully cover or whatever. It may turn out alright - the rainy day may not come, and your family may not suffer. But it was still a choice to risk your family's financial welfare to help your friend.
I'm not saying you can't have 3 years of a poly relationship. I'm not saying you can't have 25 years of a poly relationship. I'm saying that being poly will almost always increase the chance of breakup over time, and that if not breaking up is a major priority, being poly is inconsistent with that. Evolution is ruthless; and it has surely bred the instinct to be more committed to those who are more committed to us, and sexual/romantic commitment is about as fundamental as it gets.
You may have other priorities than maximizing your mutual commitment, that's fine, but if you choose to discard one of the most powerful genetic, cultural, emotional, intellectual tools for reinforcing mutual relationship commitment (the promise & practice that all of your romantic & sexual energy will be directed only at each other), then just don't claim you prioritize mutual commitment & relationship stability. If you truly prioritized it, you would want to use the best tools there are, and you would never want to invest resources outside the relationship that could be invested inside it.
I think Patri is trying to convey his own excitement about monogamy, and to share this excitement in a way that gets to the point about what's good about it, rather than to present a perfectly balanced analysis of the universal costs/benefits (if there are any) of each lifestyle.
I just don't think that's a basis for making a claim about the perceived cost/benefit for anyone else's life at all
... The thing is, I've had this feeling before, and it didn't have a damn thing to do with poly back then. We were fighting about him working too much and me wanting more romance. The emo talks at 4am, the arguments about only so much time in the day, the feeling disconnected, mono didn't save me from any of that. I felt so frustrated and alone, and like the person I normally went to when I felt frustrated and alone was busy being mad at me or working.
So was the answer to leave him and go find my real, true love? I guess that's possible, but that really felt incorrect. Was the answer to "go poly" so that I could get my needs met elsewhere? No, that feels deeply incorrect as well. But, likewise, a relationship with bad fundamentals won't necessarily be fixed by "going mono" -- just like the answer when couples are on the brink of divorce is not for everyone to quit their jobs, ignore their kids, and go live in a hut together with no distractions for the rest of their lives. Sure, work, kids, ageing parents, debt... whatever all... can be a distraction that takes away time from building love. That doesn't mean the only way to have true love is to stop living life. True love has to be a part of a real, full life.
What that means to me is getting into each other's heads, caring about the things that matter to the other. If we're raising a kid, we're growing together through those parenting moments. If one of us has a taxing career, maybe a time consuming start up, then part of true love is understanding why that feeds my partner -- not necessarily co-opting the dream if that's not genuine, but at least building an appreciation of why it matters, and doing what I can to make it possible. If we're mono, then we're doing a good job being mono, taking care of each other and keeping the days as loving and joyful as possible, even during the hard times. If we're poly, then we're going on an adventure together, checking in with each other, seeing why new cast members make the movie richer, why we're making a team that's more complicated, yes, but also stronger. If we're poly, we're picking people for what's in their hearts and not what's between their legs. If we're poly parents, we're picking people who plan to give to the child and help, not take away. Mono or poly, workaholic or just 9-to-5-er, we put the time into our relationships to build something that's true, something that will last, whatever the geometry. That's the goal, anyway.
I'm not perfect. I might fail. I might fail at mono, or poly, or parenting, or business, or, heaven forbid, everything. But my own failures don't prove that the goal was wrong for me. My success or failure don't prove that my goals are right for anyone else. I'm just one person doing my best.
... And, tired though I may be, worried and transitioning though I may be, there's plenty of good. My daughter is healthy and learning and happy. The marriage has so far held through trials that might have ripped other marriages down. Falling in love with my best friend has been amazing. I'm imperfect, and yet I might succeed. I know I'm not in a story book, but things are full of possibility and hope, and very real. Real love is messy, and things feel pretty real right now :)
Wow, I couldn't have said it any better. You've touched on so many points I wanted to make.
Thank you.
Seems pretty straightforward. And female sexual jealousy of their partner (like male sexual jealousy of their partner) is not exactly a rare thing, in story and song...and science.
This is a really extreme thing to demand of your readers, and I think it's wonderful. It's also a bit subversive.
I quite often demand this of people I interact with, and it takes a lot of coaxing just to get most people to even understand what I am asking. Why would I do that, they seem to be asking. Help me build the arguments, and not just knock them down, I might say.
Rhetorical question: is this simply negotiating a collegial atmosphere for a dialogue, or is it cheating? :)
Further, arranged marriages continue to be very prominent in other cultures, with surprisingly positive results.
All of this annoys me deeply, actually. My political individualism evokes a preconditioned support for quasi-libertine modes of social organization, so it bothers me a bit when I have to step back and admit that maybe tradition had some grounding.
As for myself, I'm happily in year 13 of a stable poly marriage. Granted, 90% of the time it's poly more in theory than practice, but the theory works for us. (We also have no kids, which leaves us with fewer restrictions and more free resources, but I know people who've pulled off that arrangement. Nobody's saying it's easy of course.)
Though it occurs to me there may be some overlooked nuances of definition here. There are some versions of poly where it's understood that everything is up for negotiation at all times. For us, I'd say our commitment to each other as our primary long-term relationships is probably as strong or stronger than an average traditional (for recent western values of "traditional") monogamous marriage. Its maintenance and stability comes first. Our other partners understand that.
The suggestion here is that polyamoury induces these things, particularly when children are involved. There are two main reasons for this:
1) Too few longterm caregivers per child. Usually just two sexually-linked ones.
2) Primary childcare is not rewarded with power or prestige, and therefore easily neglected without external pressure/incentives.
I'm going to focus on the second.
Most of the explanations I have seen for why women are still socially and economically unequal to men hinge on our 'prefence for childcare,' and on the fact that childcare is incompatible with the demands of a High Powered Position.
This argument is only masquerading as impartial; A woman has less economic power than a man even when she is NOT a primary caregiver.
What we actually have is a large informal economy (childcare,) and a gendered underclass.
A male in primary care of his children will also experience the downside of being part of an informal economy. It could be worse, though, he could also be female!
Monogamy does not, itself, address these things.
In this context, polyamoury gives no foreseeable upside to a partner who is losing out (in terms of access to wealth, power, and prestige,) just by being female and/or by working in an informal economy.
(Side note: The investment is as great when voluntarily taking on the role of a step-parent as it is when becoming a biological parent, yet we cut more slack to the former in terms of bargaining power.)
It also gives no upside to the children, whose parents are linked by sexual contract with each other.
In this context, monogamy makes sense as a measure to secure the union: It attempts to compensate for the fact that one partner is making a pronounced sacrifice just by being female and/or by caring for children. If practiced indefinitely, it might succeed, however, it is often not. So long as the face of poverty is a single mother, the losers in failed monogamy experiments will still be women and children as much as in polyamoury.
Monogamy is a reasonable response to asymmetries of power, regardless of gender, but certainly not the solution.
One part of the solution is often ridiculed, and continuously overlooked. Equality for women: which is a state where the costs of childcare are no longer subsidized by the an informal economy of a mostly-female underclass.
The other part that follows from this is more caregivers per child that aren't linked by sexual contract. That seems obvious, but it requires equality first.
I think you nicely pinpoint the importance of the dynamics of parental investment in child rearing, and the asymmetry of the situation between male and female parents.
However, I fear that you're embracing a stance that is not amenable to actionable predictions or decisions, because it is marred with some emotional collectivist prejudice that prevents a discussion of causal mechanism.
Each decision toward one type of relationship or another is made by an individual, given his own situation as a context. There is no applicable concept of "equality", because such decision is all about specifics that necessarily vary from one individual to the next. There is no possible "sacrifice" either for the potential mother, because at no point did she decide to become female rather than male (transgender people choose, but they cannot bear a child, so far). The asymmetry at its root is not a social construct, but a biological reality, and all social constructs sit on top of this reality, to adapt to it (or sometimes fail to). A woman may thus bargain for her child-carrying opportunity, and will find herself in competition with other women on the sex market — but at no time is she choosing to be a man or woman and in a position to bargain for a compensation for such a choice. Discriminated against or not, she may find that depending on what society she lives in, her sexual capital is more or less valued or more or less in her control (less in Islamic countries, more in China where women pretty much are in position to make the demands). But she won't be able to trade her way out of the underclass (or in China, be traded out of her overclass), because she has no bargaining chip (or in China, the male doesn't have it). Women prefer more and more exclusive investment from a partner, and can usually afford it from one, but not many partners, in the current market in western societies. Most people just can't afford a non-monogamous relationship. Hell, most have trouble affording monogamous relationship. The few who can afford it enjoy it a lot.
As to comparing various social norms towards monogamy or polygamy or open marriages or communes, there again the question is one of competition between institutions to be considered in civilizational package-deals, that include the availability or not of other technologies (such as contraception or paternity tests), long term stability or not (effect of sex ratio on violence), etc. There again, equality between sexes is not a meaningful concept. Inequality between cultures is what matters, with the stronger culture winning and spreading against the weaker ones. Societies that find way to increase father investment through social techniques that increase the male certainty of individual parenthood lead to both higher father investment and better defined family lines along which to transmit other traits that can compete and increase long term fitness of the society. In the absence of paternity tests, ownership of women by men thus makes evolutionary sense at the level of society; so does valuing of virgin status, etc. Monogamy, by limiting the winner-takes-all strategy, decreases the sex ratio on the market, and decreases internal violence and aggression, thus promoting peace and progress, and also makes evolutionary sense as an institution. In stable modern societies with both fatherhood tests and modern law enforcement, the social cost of non-monogamous relationship has probably drastically lowered, but on the one hand, this cost might still be higher in most cases than that of a monogamous relationship, and on the other hand, mores and statutes are lagging behind. It's not going to be mainstream any time soon.
The problem is that men age better than women, and the way we've organized childcare and domestic life in the US means that women age even harder and faster than they otherwise would.
Women simply can't get the ego validation from new people finding us intriguing in party situations for as long as men can. Women can't maintain the belief that we can start again, that we're desirable outside of the primary relationship, one in which we very often have less power and don't have our own money for more than a fraction of the time men can.
This was blindingly obvious to me at 19 but unfortunately a lot of women don't figure it out til they've been saddled with two or three kids, have lost their early bloom of youth and need to devote quite a lot of resources to looking good, and are increasingly resentful and desperate - feelings which of course are unacceptable in most American social circles which are, shall we say, sexually adventurous.
And at the same time, it isn't THE TRUTH, it's your truth.
I'm more mono than poly. I like the ideas, and sometimes the complexity of poly... But more often I like the quiet stability of monogamy. In my previous primary relationship, there was something missing. I did go seeking something else. Repeatedly. Until I realized that's what I was doing. So I read your post with a deep emotional agreement to some aspects of what you've said. And of course, many of your points are indisputably correct. Love may be unlimited, but time is not, and so on.
At the same time, there are at least as many forms of poly as people practicing it. Each with their own needs and optimizations.
I know long term stable poly families that prioritized stability, raised kids and are still together. I also know a lot more folks who realized that they were missing something and polyamory wound up being a gradual change from one primary to another.
I also know from experience that some of the points you raise are just flat out wrong in my world. Leah and I share a deep intimacy, and are always looking for ways to make it even more so. It's also the case that when Leah has another partner around, I get more sex and more interest from her. It's also the case that the way we do poly, when one of us is having sex with someone else, the other of us is usually involved. So there isn't a missing out you mention.
Of course, any generalizations I could make would be equally flawed as the ones you've made, so I'm trying to be careful to speak only from my own experience. Any implication to the contrary should be ignored. Except perhaps that generalizations, particularly around poly, are generally suspect. ;)
Edited at 2013-10-24 09:54 pm (UTC)
*closes tab, moves on.*
When you're in exactly zero romantic relationships, you have 100% control over your relationship stability: all you have to do is not enter into one. Any other configuration, no matter how many or few people it involves, introduces the risk of instability - no matter how strong you feel that your monogamous relationship is, it's impossible to promise absolutely that it will last forever because you can't control the actions of the other person.
Moreover, I'm also aware of some polyamorous relationships that are probably more-stable than some monogamous ones. And vice-versa, of course. It's certainly harder for many people to attain stability in a non-monogamous relationships: there are more risks. But the difference isn't so great that I'd agree that relationship "shape" is a deciding factor in itself. Suppose we could demonstrate that low-income families have lower relationship stability: would that be a factor in and of itself in deciding whether or not they should have children? Not by itself; just the same as for polyamorous families.
I agree that children benefit from stability. I also argue that they (and their parents) benefit from support, and love, and time, and energy (all of which they can potentially get more of in many polyamorous families). But I can't accept your argument that all polyamorous relationships are less-stable than all monoamorous ones, because it's simply not true.